Conociendo la cúrcuma (Curcuma longa L.) y sus propiedades beneficiosas para la salud
Resumen
Esta revisión presenta un panorama amplio de la planta Curcuma longa L. (C. longa), desde su taxonomía, composición química del rizoma y características fisicoquímicas, propiedades anti-parasitarias, antimicrobianas y antiinflamatorias. En medicina, la cúrcuma puede emplearse en estrategias preventivas o terapéuticas por su eficacia y seguridad farmacocinética, coadyuvando en el tratamiento de enfermedades cardiovasculares, neurovegetativas, metabólicas, articulares y de protección del sistema digestivo. La curcumina uno de los principales componentes de C. longa, tiene un fuerte potencial inhibitorio a distintos microorganismos. Se han desarrollado formulaciones en gel o emulsión y productos nanotecnológicos que permiten una mayor absor-ción para distintos tratamientos en humanos, ya que la cúrcuma posee poca solubilidad en agua y para incrementar su biodisponibilidad y absorción se suministra disuelta en lípidos que la prote-gen de las condiciones ácidas del estómago. En la industria alimenticia la cúrcuma se emplea co-mo especia y colorante y en la textil como colorante natural. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las características, las propiedades funcionales y la capacidad antimicrobiana de C. longa, con el propósito de aportar información reciente sobre los beneficios a la salud que proporciona su consumo.
Citas
Aggarwal, M.L., Chacko, K.M., & Kuruvilla, B.T. (2016). Systematic and comprehensive investigation of the toxicity of curcuminoid essential oil complex: A bioavailable turmeric formulation. Molecular Medicine Reports. 13(1), 592-604. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4579
Akram, M., Uddini, S., Ahmed, A., Usmanghani, K., Hannan, A., Mohiuddin, E., & Asif, M. (2010). Curcuma longa and curcumin: A review article. Romanian Journal of Biology Plant Biology. 55(2), 65-70.
Antony, B., Merina, B., Iyer, V.S., Judy, N., Lennertz, K., & Joyal, S. (2008). A pilot cross-over study to evaluate human oral bioavailability of BCM-95CG (Biocurcumax), a novel bioenhanced preparation of curcumin. Indian Journal Pharmacology Science, 70(4), 445-449. https://doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.44591
Araújo C.A.C., & Leon L.L. (2001). Biological Activities of Curcuma longa L. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 96(5), 723-728. http://doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02762001000500026
Arévalo, G. D.F. y Sanaguano, A.H.D. (2021). Obtención de colorante natural a partir de cúrcuma (Cúrcuma longa Linn) para la industria textil. Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Facultad de Ciencias. Riobamba, Ecuador. Tesis de maestría. Pp.23-25, 55.
Cárdenas, G.G.R., Elizondo, L.J.H., Bazaldúa, R.A.F., Chávez, M.A., Pérez, H.R.A., Ameyalli J. Martínez, D.A.J., López, V.S.M., Rodríguez, R.J., Sánchez, C.R.M., Castillo, V.U., & Rodríguez, L.O.E. (2021). Benefits of Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton) and Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Extracts for Their Applications as Natural Anti-Inflammatory Adjuvants. Plants, 10(1908), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10091908
Chandra, S., & Ramachandra, T.V. (2019). Phytochemical and pharmacological importance of turmeric (Curcuma longa): A review. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology, 9(1), 16-23. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333842858
Chen, D.Y., Shien, J.H., Tiley, L., Chiou, S.S., Wang, S.Y., Chang, T.J., & Hsu, W.L. (2010). Curcumin inhibits influenza virus infection and haemagglutination activity. Food Chemistry, 119(4), 1346-1351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.011
Cheng, A. L., Hsu, C. H., Lin, J. K., Hsu, M. M., Ho, Y. F., Shen, T. S., Ko, J.Y., Lin, B.R., Ming-Shiang, W., Yu, H.S., Jee, S.H., Chen, G.S., Chen, T.M., Chen, C.A. Lai, M.K., Pu, Y.S., Pan, M.H., Wang, Y. J., Tsai, C.C., & Hsieh, C.Y. (2001). Phase I clinical trial of curcumin, a chemopreventive agent, in patients with high-risk or pre-malignant lesions. Anticancer Research, 21 (4B), 2895-2900. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11642081_Phase_I_clinical_trial_of_curcumin_a_chemopreventive_agent_in_patients_with_high-risk_or_pre-malignant_lesions
Condorhuamán, F.M., Arroyo, A.J.L., y Zamudio, M.K. (2022). Toxicidad del rizoma pulverizado de Curcuma longa L. y curcumina. Ciencia e Investigación, 25(1), 23-28. https://doi.org/10.15381/ci.v25i1.23471
da Silva, A.C., de Freitas, S.P.D., do Prado, S.J.T, Leimann, F.V., Bracht, L., & Hess, G.O. (2018). Impact of curcumin nanoformulation on its antimicrobial activity. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 72, 74-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2017.12.004
Dei, C.M. & Ghidoni, R. (2019). Dietary curcumin: Correlation between bioavailability and health potential. Nutrients, 11, 2147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092147
Diastuti, H., Asnani, A., & Chasani, M. (2019). Antifungal activity of Curcuma xanthorrhiza and Cúrcuma soloensis extracts and fractions. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 509, 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/509/1/012047
Emirik, M. (2020). Potential therapeutic effect of turmeric contents against SARS-CoV-2 compared with experimental COVID-19 Therapies: In Silico Study. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 40(5), 2024-2037. https://doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2020.1835719
Gangal, N., Nagle, V., Pawar, Y., Gaikwad, M., & Dasgupta, S. (2020). Reconsidering traditional medicinal plants to combat COVID-19. Advanced International Journals of Research (AIJR), 34(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.21467/preprints.34
Giordano, A. & Tommonaro, G. (2019). Curcumin and Cancer. Nutrients, 11, 2376. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102376
González-Albadalejo, J., Sanz, D., Claramunt, R.M., Lavandera, J.L., Alkorta, I., & Elguero, J. (2015) Curcumin and curcuminoids: chemistry, structu-ral studies, and biological properties. Anales de la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia, 81(4), 278-310. https://analesranf.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/81_04/8104_02.pdf
Gordon, A. (2020). Market & technical considerations for spices: Nutmeg & mace case study. En A. Gordon. (Ed.), Food safety and quality systems in developing countries (367-414). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814272-1.00009-7
Ilangonvan, M., Guna, V., Hu, Ch., Nagananda, G.S., & Reddy, N. (2018). Curcuma longa L. plant residue as a source for natural cellulose fibers with antimicrobial activity. Industrial Crops and Products, 112, 556-560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.12.042
Itlal, H.A., Hussein, J.H., & Abeer, F.A-R. (2020). Antifungal activity of the two medicinal plants (Curcuma longa L. and Boswellia carteri Birdwood) against Fusarium species isolated from maize sedes. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 12(3), 408-414. https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.03.063
Kawasaki, K., Okuda-Hanafusa, C., Aoyagi, M., Taoka, K., Yamamoto, N., Muroyama, K., & Yamamoto, Y. (2018). Inhibitory effect of the compounds from the water extract of Curcuma longa on the production of PGE2 and NO in a macrophage cell line stimulated by LPS. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 82(12), 2109-2117. https://doi.org/10.1080/09168451.2018.1511366
Kharat, M., Du, Z., Guodong, Z.G., & McClements, D.J. (2017). Physical and Chemical Stability of Curcumin in Aqueous Solutions and Emulsions: Impact of pH, Temperature, and Molecular Environment. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 65, 1525-1532. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04815
Liju, V.B., Jeena, K., & Kuttan, R. (2013). Acute and subchronic toxicity as well as mutagenic evaluation of essential oil from turmeric (Curcuma longa L). Food Chemical Toxicology, 53, 52-61. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2012.11.027
Lim, T. K. (2016). Curcuma longa. En T.K. Lim (Ed.), Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants: Volumen 12, Modified Stems, Roots, Bulbs (241-362). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26065-5_1
Mubarak, Z., Wahyu, E., Sari, W.E., & Sunnati, S. (2021). Gel Formulation and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) from Aceh, Indonesia against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Journal of International Oral Health, 13(5), 508-513. https://www.jioh.org/text.asp?2021/13/5/508/327864
Mun, J., Kim, S., Yoon, H-G., You, Y., Kim, O-K., Choi, K-Ch., Lee, Y-H., Lee, J. Park, J., & Jun, W. (2019). Water Extract of Curcuma longa L. ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutrients, 11, 2536. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102536
Núñez, S.A.A., Cerecero, A.P., Sánchez, V.L.O., Robles, N.J.B., & Bermeo, E.J.R. (2020). Antimicrobial effect of curcumin on Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Nova Scientia, 12(25):1-13. https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v12i25.2474
Omonte R.L.A., y Bustamante, G.Z. (2022). Actividad Antioxidante, Antibacteriana y Citostática de Extractos de Cúrcuma (Curcuma Longa). Gaceta Médica Boliviana, 45(1), 12-16. https://doi.org/10.47993/gmb.v45i1.323
Patra, J.K., Das, G., Lee, S., Kang, S-S., & Shin, H-S. (2018). Selected commercial plants: A review of extraction and isolation of bioactive compounds and their pharmacological market value. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 82, 89-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2018.10.001
Richart, S.M., Li, Y.L., Mizushina, Y., Chang, Y.Y., Chung, T.Y., Chen, G.H., & Hsu, W.L. (2018). Synergic effect of curcumin and its structural analogue (Monoacetylcurcumin) on anti-influenza virus infection. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 26(3), 1015-1023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2017.12.006
Shivkanya, F., Jyoti, M., Aditi, Ch., Mahendran, S., Nur, N.I.M.R., Yasmin, B., Vetriselvan, S., Kumarappan, Ch., Lakshmi, T., Rusli, N., Yuan, S.W., Kathiresan, V.S., Pei, T.L., Dhanalekshmi, U.M., Vinoth, K., Abul, K.A., & Neeraj, K.F. (2022). A Comprehensive review on the therapeutic potential of Curcuma longa Linn. in relation to its major active constituent curcumin. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 13(820806):1-27. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.820806
Sivasekaran, K., Stanleay P., Kumar, A., & Sivankalai, K.S. (2021). Curcuma Longa (Medicinal Plant) Research: A Scientometric Assessment of Global Publications Output with Reference to Web of Science. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 12 (5), 1477-1496. https://doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.2115
Stohs, S.J., Chen, O., Ray, S.D., Ji, J., Bucci, L.R., & Preuss, H.G. (2020). Highly bioavailable forms of curcumin and promising avenues for curcumin-based research and application: A review. Molecules, 25(6), 1397. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25061397
Wang, Y., Liu, F., Liu, M., Zhou, X., Wang, M., Cao, K., Jin, S., Shan, A., & Feng, X. (2022). Curcumin mitigates aflatoxin B1-induced liver injury via regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome and Nrf2 signaling pathway. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 161(112823), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2022.112823
Ybalmea-Gómez, Y., Feliciano, S.O., Yglesias, R.A., Llane, C.R., y Gutiérrez, G.O. (2021). Efecto antiinflamatorio y antioxidante in vitro de Curcuma longa sobre macrófagos murinos durante la infección por Helicobacter pylori. Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical, 73(3), e702. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358187187_Efecto_antiinflamatorio_y_antioxidante_in_vitro_de_Curcuma_longa_sobre_macrofagos_murinos_durante_la_infeccion_por_Helicobacter_pylori
Zorofchian, M. S., Abdul, K. H., Hassandarvish, P., Tajik, H., Abubakar, S., & Zandi, K. (2014). A Review on antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activity of curcumin. BioMed Research International, Article ID 186864, 1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/186864
Zubaidah, E., Nisak, Y. K., Wijayanti, S. A., & Christianty, R.A. (2021). Characteristic of microbiological, chemical, and antibacterial activity of turmeric (Curcuma longa) kombucha. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 924,1. IOP Publishing. http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/924/1/012080
